摘要：<span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">不鏽鋼板材料的耐用性與使用壽命</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">不鏽鋼*大的腐蝕問題是點腐蝕特性。微蝕點表現(xiàn)為表麵鏽蝕，一般被認為對不鏽鋼板材的美麗外觀與耐腐蝕性能有要求的應用來說都是不可接受的。從大氣暴露測試程序收集的深度數(shù)據(jù)的分析來看可以用作不鏽鋼板材料的耐久性指南參考要素。需要牢記的是，在點蝕形成穿孔之前，微點蝕的染色可能會在美觀上導致不鏽鋼板材受到不利影響。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">影響不鏽鋼板耐久性的因素主要有材質(zhì)、環(huán)境和材料的表麵光潔度。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">在評估不鏽鋼板材料發(fā)生點腐蝕的風險時，氯離子含量是*需要考慮到的因素，因為氯離子是具有侵蝕性的環(huán)境危害。海洋場地通常是*具侵蝕性的，因此在海洋環(huán)境中給出*低的預計耐久性。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">此外還有個酸性條件，有時在工業(yè)化環(huán)境中發(fā)現(xiàn)，酸性環(huán)境也會具有明顯的侵略性的。考慮當?shù)匚夂虻挠绊懸部赡軙绊懼車h(huán)境對不鏽鋼板材的侵蝕效果。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">估計腐蝕坑的滲透時間如下表所示。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">表中所示的點蝕壽命預測是基於線性坑生長速率模型。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"><img width="565" height="141" 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v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" /></span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">海洋和農(nóng)村地區(qū)的樣品具有研磨表麵，半工業(yè)地點的結(jié)果具有沉悶的拋光表麵。</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">304</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">不鏽鋼類型的</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">1mm</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">穿孔時間和大多數(shù)建築物的預計設(shè)計壽命一致。需要注意的是，鐵素體</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">430</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">類型一般不用在建造外部應用。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:small;">&nbsp;</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span>